Why I love matrix charts

🥰 This one is definitely in my top 5 of favourite chart types: a matrix chart!

🤔 What is it? A matrix chart is similar to a heatmap, and it has the same compact design. But rather than relying on color differences, we use bubbles with different sizes to show the data. It is cleaner and less visually cluttered than a heatmap, making it easier to fit in a stylish report design.

⚠️ Potential downside: this chart type works well only when there is sufficient variation between the data points. Otherwise it will be hard to see small differences between the bubble sizes.

💡 Worth noting: not everyone uses the term ‘matrix chart’. Some people prefer ‘proportional area chart’, or in this specific example – because the horizontal axis represents time – a ‘bubble timeline’. I like the term ‘matrix chart’ because it is a visual matrix of data, and it is also how RAWGraphs – my favourite tool to create these charts – calls it.

🐟 Example from the report ‘Toekomstvisie voor de kustvisserij 2024’ (Vision for the future of inshore fishing 2024) that we made for ILVO earlier this year.

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Side-by-side comparison of two bar chart versions showing the number of inhabitants per paid political mandate across EU27 countries, ranked from lowest to highest. The left version labels countries with two-letter abbreviations (FR, CZ, SI, etc.), while the right version uses full country names (France, Czechia, Slovenia, etc.). Both show identical data: France has the lowest ratio at 134 inhabitants per mandate, rising through the EU27 average of 385 (highlighted in dark blue), up to Latvia with the highest ratio at 2,570. Source: European Committee of the Regions and VRT NWS.

Avoiding abbreviations

People are lazy. Make it as easy as possible for them to see what you are trying to show. There are tons of ways to reduce mental noise in your charts, but one of the easiest is avoiding abbreviations.

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Three-panel spread: the Nature magazine cover for 23 July 2026, featuring a detailed pencil-and-ink illustration of a rhinoceros beetle alongside drafting tools; a magazine page for the article 'Three Tips to Avoid AI Image Mistakes in Science' with an abstract red-and-blue line illustration of a hand and pencil; and a painted illustration of a hornbill's head with two circular inset diagrams showing colorful cross-sections of its skull anatomy.

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